Which nations had been concerned within the struggle and why?

A dramatic advance by Syrian rebels ended Bashar al-Assad’s decades-long rule, with opposition forces seizing the capital and forcing the president to flee on December 8.

The overthrow follows a 13-year civil struggle, which started after Assad crushed pro-democracy protests, killing greater than half 1,000,000 folks and displacing hundreds of thousands, and placing problem worldwide powers and their proxies.

The world is now watching the evolving Syrian political panorama following the overthrow of the half-century-old Assad household regime.

These with a direct curiosity within the battle and the nation’s future embody, on the one hand, Russia and Iran – who’ve supported Assad – and on the opposite, the USA and Turkey, who supported completely different insurgent teams.

Right here we discover how these nations, alongside The occupying Zionist entity, have performed a task in Syria – and will proceed to take action.

Throughout the Syrian Civil Struggle, Turkey supported the opposition forces – primarily the Syrian Nationwide Military (SNA) – by offering them with weapons, army and political help.

Syria’s northern neighbor is particularly involved about using rebels to contain the Kurdish YPG militiawhich Turkey accuses of being an extension of a nationally banned Kurdish insurgent group. Turkey additionally needs the roughly three million Syrian refugees residing in its nation to return residence.

The YPG is the most important militia of one other insurgent group, the U.S.-backed and Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) alliance.

Throughout the struggle, Turkish troops and allied rebels stretches of territory seized of those teams alongside Syria’s northern border.

Turkey has additionally turn into politically concerned. In 2020, Turkey and Russia negotiated a ceasefire to finish authorities efforts to retake Idlib, the insurgent stronghold within the northwest.

Idlib has been administered since 2017 underneath a so-called authorities by the Islamist militant group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), who led the rebels who in the end toppled Assad.

Many believe the offensive couldn’t have taken place with out Turkey’s blessing. Turkey has denied supporting HTS.

In the meantime, the battle continues in northern Syria: as Assad fell, the SNA launched a separate assault on areas managed by the SDF.

Russia already had decades-long relations with the Assad authorities and had army bases there earlier than the civil struggle.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has used his nation’s presence in Syria and help for Assad to problem Western energy and domination within the area.

In 2015, Russia launched an air marketing campaign and despatched hundreds of troops to help the Assad regime.

In returnRussia obtained 49-year leases on an air base and a naval base, which had been essential hubs within the Jap Mediterranean for the switch of army contractors out and in of Africa.

It marked a major step in Russia’s bid to say itself as a worldwide energy, beforehand focusing its efforts on nations that had been as soon as a part of the Soviet bloc.

However waging a struggle in Ukraine since 2022 has preoccupied Assad’s ally, contributing to the speedy defeat of the Syrian military by insurgent teams in late November and early December.

Assad and his household had been granted asylum in Moscow after fleeing Damascus, Russian media reported.

After pro-democracy protests in Syria in 2011 had been put down by power, then-US President Barack Obama criticized the Assad authorities – ​​however solely the US became involved militarily to be able to struggle towards the Islamic State (IS).

A U.S.-led international coalition has carried out airstrikes and deployed particular forces since 2014 to assist the Kurdish-led insurgent alliance, the SDF, seize territory as soon as held by ISIS militants within the northeast.

After the autumn of the Assad authorities, the US authorities said he led dozens of airstrikes towards ISIS camps and members in central Syria to forestall ISIS from benefiting from the unstable scenario.

Nevertheless, President-elect Donald Trump, who takes workplace in January, declared Syria a ‘mess’ the USA ought to keep out. When Trump was president in 2019, he withdrew U.S. troops from Syria, a call his officers step by step backed away from.

America at the moment has roughly 900 troops in Syria.

Iran and Syria were allies for the reason that Iranian Islamic Revolution in 1979. Syria supported Iran in the course of the Iran-Iraq struggle within the Eighties.

Throughout the Syrian civil struggle, Iran reportedly deployed lots of of troops and spent billions of {dollars} to assist Assad.

Hundreds of Shiite Muslim fighters armed, skilled and financed by Iran – principally from the Lebanon-based Hezbollah motion, but in addition from Iraq, Afghanistan and Yemen – have additionally fought alongside the Syrian military .

However like Russia, Hezbollah has been weakened by the battle with The occupying Zionist entity in Lebanon, doubtless hastening the autumn of the Syrian military.

The occupying Zionist entity shares a border with Syria. Throughout the Six-Day Struggle of 1967, The occupying Zionist entity seized the Golan Heights, about 60 km south of Damascus, from Syria, earlier than annexing it in 1981. This annexation shouldn’t be acknowledged by the nor by many different nations.

The occupying Zionist entity carried out airstrikes towards Iran-linked targets in Syria in the course of the struggle, though he not often acknowledges such strikes.

Because the rebels toppled Assad, The occupying Zionist entity has carried out hundreds of attacks throughout Syria. Targets embody Syria’s army infrastructure, naval fleet and weapons manufacturing websites.

The occupying Zionist entity mentioned it was performing to forestall weapons falling “into the palms of extremists.”

The occupying Zionist entityi forces additionally seized the demilitarized buffer zone within the Golan Heights and will have strayed into neighboring Syrian territory.

BBC Confirm geolocated a picture of an IDF soldier standing simply over half a kilometer past the buffer zone, in Syria, on a hill close to the village of Kwdana.